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influences exerted on the mind (cf. the two meanings of the English “passion”). It is more
concrete than No. 1, and expresses in sense (b) the uncontrolled nature of evil desires, in
contrast to
$
, the general and comprehensive term, lit., “what you set your heart
upon” (Trench,
- !
Sec. lxxxvii). Its concrete character is seen in Heb. 2:9. See
AFFECTION
,
MOTION
,
PASSION
,
SUFFERING
.
Note:
The corresponding verbal form
, used in Acts 26:23 or the sufferings of
Christ, signifies “destined to suffer.¶
4.
(
&
, 2347) primarily means “a pressing, pressure” (see A, No. 4),
anything which burdens the spirit. In two passages in Paul’s Epistles it is used of future
retribution, in the way of “affliction,” Rom. 2:9; 2 Thess. 1:6. In Matt. 24:9, the
KJV
renders it as a verb, “to be afflicted,” (
RV
, “unto tribulation”). It is coupled with
, “anguish,” in Rom. 2:9; 8:35; with
, “distress,” 1 Thess. 3:7; with
, “persecution,” Matt. 13:21; Mark 4:17; 2 Thess. 1:4. It is used of the calamities
of war, Matt. 24:21, 29; Mark 13:19, 24; of want, 2 Cor. 8:13, lit., “distress for you”;
Phil. 4:14 (cf. 1:16); Jas. 1:27; of the distress of woman in childbirth, John 16:21; of
persecution, Acts 11:19; 14:22; 20:23; 1 Thess. 3:3, 7; Heb. 10:33; Rev. 2:10; 7:14; of the
“afflictions” of Christ, from which (His vicarious sufferings apart) his followers must not
shrink, whether sufferings of body or mind, Col. 1:24; of sufferings in general, 1 Cor.
7:28; 1 Thess. 1:6, etc. See
ANGUISH
,
BURDENED
,
DISTRESS
,
PERSECUTION
,
TRIBULATION
,
TROUBLE
.
AFFRIGHTED
A. Adjective.
(
+
, 1719), lit., “in fear” ( , “in,”
, “fear”), means
“affrighted,” Luke 24:5,
RV
(
KJV
“afraid”); 24:37; Acts 10:4,
RV
(
KJV
, “afraid”); Rev.
11:13. The
RV
omits it in Acts 22:9. See
TREMBLE
.
B. Verbs.
1.
$
(
"$
, 4426), “to frighten, scare,” is used in the passive voice in Phil. 1:28,
“be affrighted,”
RV
, “be terrified,”
KJV
. See
TERRIFY
.¶
2.
(
#
!
, 1568), “to throw into terror,” is used in the passive sense,
“to be amazed, affrighted,” Mark 16:5-6,
KJV
(
RV
, “amazed”); Mark 9:15, “were greatly
amazed”; 14:33, “to be greatly amazed” (
RV
), “to be sore amazed” (
KJV
). See
AMAZE
, B,
No. 4.¶
For
AFOOT
see
FOOT
, B, No. 2
AFORE, AFOREHAND
The Greek words with these meanings consist of prefixes to verbs, signifying “to
come, prepare, promise, write afore,” etc. See these words.
AFOREPROMISED
(
$
!
, 4279), “to promise before” ( , “before”,
, “to promise”), is translated by the one word “aforepromised,” in the
RV
of
2 Cor. 9:5; in Rom. 1:2, “promised afore.”¶
AFORETIME