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Notes:
(1)
$
(from
$
, “wrath,”
, “to fight”) originally
denoted to fight with great animosity, and hence came to mean “to be very angry, to be
exasperated,” Acts 12:20, of the anger of Herod, “was highly displeased.¶
(2)
$
, the corresponding verb, signifies “to provoke to anger,” but in the
passive voice “to be wroth,” as in Matt. 2:16, of the wrath of Herod, “was exceeding
wroth.Ӧ
(3)
*
, see A,
Note
(3), is rendered in various ways in the seven places where
it is used; “moved with indignation,” Matt. 20:24 and 21:15,
RV
(
KJV
, “sore displeased”);
“had indignation,” Matt. 26:8; Mark 14:4. In Mark 10:14 the
RV
has “was moved with
indignation” (
KJV
, “was much displeased”), said of the Lord Jesus. The same renderings
are given in v. 41. In Luke 13:14 (
KJV
, “with indignation”), the
RV
rightly puts “being
moved with indignation.” These words more particularly point to the cause of the
vexation. See
DISPLEASE
,
INDIGNATION
.¶
(4) In Col. 3:21,
signifies “to provoke.” The
RV
correctly omits “to anger.”
C. Adjective.
(
A$ &
, 3711), “angry, prone to anger, irascible” (see B, Nos. 1, 2), is
rendered “soon angry” in Titus 1:7.¶
ANGUISH
A. Nouns.
1.
(
&
, 2347), see AFFLICTION (No. 4).
2.
(
$&
, 4730), lit., “narrowness of place” (
, “narrow,”
, “a place”), metaphorically came to mean the “distress arising from that condition,
anguish.” It is used in the plural, of various forms of distress, 2 Cor. 6:4 and 12:10, and of
“anguish” or distress in general, Rom. 2:9; 8:35,
RV
, “anguish” for
KJV
, “distress.” The
opposite state, of being in a large place, and so metaphorically in a state of joy, is
represented by the word
$
in certain Psalms as, e.g., Ps. 118:5; see also 2 Sam.
22:20. See
DISTRESS
.¶
3.
$
(
, 4928), lit., “a holding together, or compressing” (
$
,
“together,”
, “to hold”), was used of the narrowing of a way. It is found only in its
metaphorical sense, of “straits, distress, anguish,” Luke 21:25, “distress of nations,” and 2
Cor. 2:4, “anguish of heart.” See
DISTRESS
.¶
: & *
is associated with
, and signifies a condition of necessity arising
from some form of compulsion. It is therefore used not only of necessity but of distress,
Luke 21:23; 1 Thess. 3:7, and in the plural in 2 Cor. 6:4; 12:10.
B. Verbs.
1.
(
$!
, 4729), akin to A, No. 2, lit., “to crowd into a narrow
space,” or, in the passive voice “to be pressed for room,” hence, metaphorically, “to be
straitened,” 2 Cor. 4:8 and 6:12 (twice), is found in its literal sense in two places in the
Sept., in Josh. 17:15 and Isa. 49:19, and in two places in its metaphorical sense, in Judg.
16:16, where Delilah is said to have pressed Samson sore with her words continually, and
to have “straitened him,” and in Isa. 28:20. See
DISTRESS
,
STRAITENED
.¶